Chapter 12 Oil seeds and oleaginous fruits; miscellaneous grains, seeds and fruit; industrial or medicinal plants; straw and fodder - Section II VEGETABLE PRODUCTS

Chapter 12 Oil seeds and oleaginous fruits; miscellaneous grains, seeds and fruit; industrial or medicinal plants; straw and fodder

Notes.

1. – Heading 12.07 applies, inter alia, to palm nuts and kernels, cotton seeds, castor oil seeds, sesamum seeds, mustard seeds, safflower seeds, poppy seeds and shea nuts (karite nuts). It does not apply to products of heading 08.01 or 08.02 or to olives (Chapter 7 or Chapter 20).

2. – Heading 12.08 applies not only to non-defatted flours and meals but also to flours and meals which have been partially defatted or defatted and wholly or partially refatted with their original oils. It does not, however, apply to residues of headings 23.04 to 23.06.

3. – For the purposes of heading 12.09, beet seeds, grass and other herbage seeds, seeds of ornamental flowers, vegetable seeds, seeds of forest trees, seeds of fruit trees, seeds of vetches (other than those of the species Vicia faba) or of lupines are to be regarded as “ seeds of a kind used for sowing”.

Heading 12.09 does not, however, apply to the following even if for sowing:

(a) Leguminous vegetables or sweet corn (Chapter 7);

(b) Spices or other products of Chapter 9;

(d) Products of headings 12.01 to 12.07 or 12.11.

4. – Heading 12.11 applies, inter alia, to the following plants or parts thereof : basil, borage, ginseng, hyssop, liquorice, all species of mint, rosemary, me. sage and wormwood.

Heading 12.11 does not, however, apply to :

(a) Medicaments of Chapter 30;

(h) Perfumery, cosmetic or toilet preparations of Chapter 33; or

5.- For the purposes of heading 12.12, the term “ seaweeds and other algae ” does not include :

(a) Dead single-cell micro-organisms of heading 21.02;

(b) Cultures of micro-organisms of heading 30.02; or

Subheading Note.

1.- For the purposes of subheading 1205.10, the expression “ low erucic acid rape or colza seeds ” means rape or colza seeds yielding a fixed oil which has an erucic acid content of less than 2 % by weight and yielding a solid component which contaias less than 30 micromoles of glucosinolates per gram.

GENERAL

Headings 12.01 to 12.07 cover seeds and fruits of a kind used for the extraction (by pressure or by solvents) of edible or industrial oils and fats, whether they are presented for that purpose, for sowing or for other purposes. These headings do not, however, include products of heading 08.01 or 08.02, olives (Chapter 7 or 20) or certain seeds and fruits from which oil may be extracted but which are primarily used for other purposes, e.g., apricot, peach or plum kernels (heading 12.12) and cocoa beans (heading 18.01).

The seeds and fruits covered by the heading may be whole, broken, crushed, husked or shelled. They may also have undergone heat treatment designed mainly to ensure better preservation (e.g., by inactivating the lipolytic enzymes and eliminating part of the moisture), for the purpose of de-bittering. for inactivating anti nutritional factors or to facilitate their use. However, such treatment is permitted only if it does not alter the character of the seeds and fruits as natural products and does not make them suitable for a specific use rather than for general use.

The headings exclude solid residues resulting from the extraction of vegetable oil from oil seeds or oleaginous fruits (including defatted flours and meals) (heading 23.04, 23.05 or 23.06).

12.01 – Soya beans, whether or not broken (+).

1201.10 – Seed

1201.90 – Other

Soya beans are very important source of vegetable oil. The soya beans of this heading may be heat-treated for the purpose of de-bittering (see General Explanatory Note).

However, the heading excludesroasted soya beans used as a coffee substitute (heading 21.01).

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Subheading Explanatory Note.

Subheading 1201.10

For the purposes of subheading 1201.10, the term “seed” covers only soya beans regarded by the competent national authorities as being for sowing.

12.02 – Ground-nuts, not roasted or otherwise cooked, whether or not shelled or broken (+).

1202.30 – Seed

– Other:

1202.41 – – In shell

1202.42 – – Shelled, whether or not broken

This heading covers ground-nuts (also known as peanuts), whether or not shelled or broken, which are notroasted or otherwise cooked. The ground-nuts of this heading may be heat-treated to ensure better preservation (see the General Explanatory Note). Roasted or otherwise cooked ground-nuts fall in Chapter 20.

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Subheading Explanatory Note.

Subheading 1202.30

For the purposes of subheading 1202.30, the term “seed” covers only ground-nuts regarded by the competent national authorities as bieng for sowing.

12.03 – Copra.

Copra is the dried flesh of coconut used for the expression of coconut oil and unsuitable for human consumption.

This heading does not includedesiccated coconut, i.e., the dried and shredded flesh of coconut suitable for human consumption (heading 08.01).

12.04 – Linseed, whether or not broken.

Linseed, i.e., the seed of the flax plant, is the source of one of the most important of the drying oils.

12.05 – Rape or colza seeds, whether or not broken.

1205.10 – Low erucic acid rape or colza seeds

1205.90 – Other

This heading includes rape or colza seeds (the seeds of several species of Brassica, particularly B. napus and B. rapa (or B. campestris)). The heading covers both the traditional rape or colza seeds and the low erucic acid rape or colza seeds. Low erucic acid rape or colza seeds, e.g., canola seeds or the European rape or colza seeds “ double zero ”, yield a fixed oil which has a total erucic acid content of less than 2 % by weight and yield a solid component which contains less than 30 micromoles of glucosinolatcs per gram.

12.06 – Sunflower seeds, whether or not broken.

This heading covers the seeds of the common sunflower (Heleanthus annuus).

12.07 – Other oil seeds and oleaginous fruits, whether or not broken

1207.10 – Palm nuts and kernels

– Cotton seeds:

1207.21 – – Seed

1207.29 – – Other

1207.30 – Castor oil seeds

1207.40 – Sesamum seeds

1207.50 – Mustard seeds

1207.60 – Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) seeds

1207.70 – Melon seeds

– Other:

1207.91 – – Poppy seeds

1207.99 – – Other

This heading covers seeds and fruits of a kind used for the extraction of edible or industrial oils and fats, other than those specified in headings 12.01 to 12.06 (see also General Explanatory Note).

The heading covers, inter alia :

– Babassu kernels

– Beech nuts

– Candlenuts

– Carapa nuts (e.g., touloucouna nuts)

– Castor oil seeds

– Chaulmoogra seeds

– Cotton seeds

– Croton seeds

– Evening primrose seeds of the species Oenothera biennis and Oenothera lamarckiana

– Grape pips

– Hemp seeds

– Illipe seeds

– Kapok seeds

– Mowra seeds

– Mustard seeds

– Niger seeds

– Oiticica seeds

– Palm nuts and kernels

– Perilla seeds

– Physic (pulza) nuts

– Poppy seeds

– Safflower seeds

– Sesamum seeds

– Shea nuts (Karite nuts)

– Stillingia seeds

– Tea seeds

– Tung nuts (or oleococca seeds)

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Subheading Explanatory Note.

Subheading 1207.21

For the purposes of subheading 1207.21, the term “seed” covers only cotton seeds regarded by the competent national authorities as being lor sowing.

12.08 – Flours and meals of oil seeds or oleaginous fruits, other than those of mustard.

1208.10 – Of soya beans

1208.90 – Other

This heading covers non-defatted or partially defatted flours or meals obtained by grinding the oil seeds or oleaginous fruits covered by headings 12.01 to 12.07. It also includes flours and meals defatted and wholly or partially refatted with their original oils (see Note 2 to this Chapter).

The heading excludes :

(a) Peanut butter (heading 20.08).

(b) Mustard flour and meal, whether or not defatted, prepared or not (heading 21.03).

12.09 – Seeds, fruit and spores, of a kind used for sowing.

1209.10 – Sugar beet seeds

– Seeds of forage plants :

1209.21 – – Lucerne (alfalfa) seeds

1209.22 – – Clover (Trifolium spp.) seeds

1209.23 – – Fescue seeds

1209.24 – – Kentucky blue grass (Poa pratensis L.) seeds

1209.25 – – Rye grass (Lolium multiflorum Lam., Lolium perenne L.) seeds

1209.29 – – Other

1209.30 – Seeds of herbaceous plants cultivated principally for their flowers

– Other:

1209.91 – – Vegetable seeds

1209.99 – – Other

This heading covers all seeds, fruit and spores of a kind used for sowing. It includes such products even if they are no longer capable of germination. However, it does not include products such as those mentioned at the end of this Explanatory Note, which, although intended for sowing, are classified elsewhere in the Nomenclature because they are normally used other than for sowing.

The heading includes beet seeds, grass or other herbage seeds (lucerne, sainfoin, clover, fescue, rye grass, Kentucky blue grass, timothy grass, etc.), seeds of ornamental flowers, vegetable seeds, seeds of forest trees (including pine cones bearing seeds), seeds of fruit trees, seeds of vetches (other than those of the species Vicia faba, i.e., broad beans and horse beans), seeds of lupines, tamarind seeds, tobacco seeds, and seeds (not themselves used primarily in perfumery, in pharmacy or for insecticidal, fungicidal or similar purposes) of plants yielding the products of heading 12.11.

Products of this heading (especially grass seeds) may be dispersed with fine fertiliser particles on a paper backing and covered with a fine layer of wadding held in place by a reinforcing mesh of plastics.

The heading excludes :

(a) Mushroom spawn (heading 06.02).

(b) Leguminous vegetables and sweet corn (Chapter 7).

(d) Spices and other products of Chapter 9.

(f) Oil seeds and oleaginous fruits of headings 12.01 to 12.07.

(g) Seeds and fruit which are themselves of a kind used primarily in perfumery, in pharmacy, or for insecticidal, fungicidal or similar purposes (heading 12.11).

(h) Locust beans (heading 12.12).

12.10 – Hop cones, fresh or dried, whether or not ground, powdered or in the form of pellets; lupulin.

1210.10 – Hop cones, neither ground nor powdered nor in the form of pellets

1210.20 – Hop cones, ground, powdered or in the form of pellets; lupulin

Hop cones are the scaly cone-like catkins or flowers of the hop plant (Humulus lupulus). They are used mainly in the brewing industry to give flavour to the beer, but they are also used for medicinal purposes. The cones fall in this heading whether fresh or dried and whether or not ground or powdered or in the form of pellets (i.e., agglomerated cither directly by compression or by the addition of a binder in a proportion not exceeding 3 % by weight).

Lupulin is a yellow resinous powder which covers the hop cones and contains the bitter, aromatic principle which gives hops their characteristic properties. It is used in brewing as a partial substitute for hops and in medicine. It may be separated from the hops mechanically after drying.

The heading excludes :

(a) Extract of hops (heading 13.02).

(b) Spent hops (heading 23.03).

12.11 – Plants and parts of plants (including seeds and fruits), of a kind used primarily in perfumery, in pharmacy or for insecticidal, fungicidal or similar purposes, fresh, chilled, frozen or dried, whether or not cut, crushed or powdered.

1211.20 – Ginseng roots

1211.30 – Coca leaf

1211.40 – Poppy straw

1211.50 – Ephedra

1211.60 – Bark of African cherry (Prunus africana)

1211.90 – Other

This heading covers vegetable products of a kind used primarily in perfumery, in pharmacy or medicine, or for insecticidal, fungicidal, parasiticidal or similar purposes. They may be in the form of whole plants, mosses or lichens, or of parts (such as wood, bark, roots, stems, leaves, flowers, petals, fruits and seeds (other than oleaginous fruits and oil seeds classified in headings 12.01 to 12.07)), or in the form of waste resulting, in the main, from mechanical treatment. They remain in the heading whether fresh, chilled, frozen or dried, whole, cut, crushed, ground or powdered or (where appropriate) grated or hulled. Products of this heading impregnated with alcohol remain classified here.

Plants and parts (including seeds and fruits) of trees, bushes, shrubs or other plants are classified here if of a kind used directly for the purposes specified above or if used for the production of extracts, alkaloids or essential oils suitable lor those purposes. On the other hand, the heading excludes seeds and fruits of a kind used for the extraction of fixed oils; these fall in headings 12.01 to 12.07 even if the oils are to be used for the purposes mentioned in this heading.

It should also be noted that vegetable products more specifically described in other headings of the Nomenclature are excluded from this heading, even if they are suitable for use in perfumer) , pharmacy, etc.. e.g. : citrus fruit peel (heading 08.14): vanilla, cloves, aniseed, badian and other products of Chapter 9; hop cones (heading 12.10); chicory roots of heading 12.12: natural gums, resins, gum-resins and oleoresins (heading 13.01).

Live chicory plants and roots and other live seedling plants, bulbs, rhizomes, etc., clearly intended for planting, and flowers, foliage, etc., for ornamental purposes, fall in Chapter 6.

It should be noted that woods of a kind used primarily in perfumery, in pharmacy or for insecticidal, fungicidal or similar purposes are classified in this heading only if in chips, in shavings or in crushed, ground or powdered form. In other forms, such wood is excluded (Chapter 44).

Certain plants or parts of plants (including seeds or fruits) of this heading may be put up (e.g., in sachets) for making herbal infusions or herbal “teas”. Such products consisting of plants or parts of plants (including seeds or fruits) of a single species (e.g., peppermint “tea”) remain classified in this heading.

However, the heading excludes such products consisting of plants or parts of plants (including seeds or fruits) of different species (whether or not incorporating plants or plant parts of other headings) or consisting of plants or parts of plants of a single or of different species mixed with other substances, such as one or more plant extracts (heading 21.06).

It should also be noted that the following products fall in headings 30.03, 30.04, 33.03 to 33.07 or 38.08, as the case may be :

(a) Products of this heading, unmixed, but put up in measured doses or in forms or packings for retail sale, whether for therapeutic or prophylactic purposes, or put up for retail sale as perfumery products or as insecticidal, fungicidal or similar products.

(b) Products which have been mixed for use for the purposes described in (a) above.

However, the classification of vegetable products in this heading, by virtue of their being used primarily in pharmacy, does not necessarilyimply that they may be regarded as medicaments of heading 30.03 or 30.04 when they are mixed, or unmixed but put up in measured doses or in forms or packings for retail sale. While the term “ medicaments ” within the meaning of heading 30.03 or 30.04 refers only to products which have therapeutic or prophylactic uses, the broader term “ pharmacy ” has reference both to medicaments and to products having no therapeutic or prophylactic uses (e.g., tonic beverages, fortified foods, blood-grouping reagents).

This heading also excludes:

(a) mixtures consisting of different species of plants or parts of plants of this heading of a kind used for seasoning sauces (heading 21.03);

(b) the following products of a kind used either directly for flavouring beverages or for preparing extracts for the manufacture of beverages:

(i) mixtures consisting of different species of plants or parts of plants of this heading (heading 21.06): and

(ii) mixtures of plants or parts of plants of this heading with vegetable products falling in other Chapters (e.g., Chapters 7, 9, 11) (Chapter 9 or heading 21.06).

The following products are included in the heading :

Aconite (Aconitum naplellus): roots and leaves.

Ambrette (musk) (Hibiscus abelmoschus): seeds.

Angelica (Archangelica officinalis): roots and seeds.

Angostura (Galipea officinalis): bark.

Araroba (Andira araroba): powder.

Arnica (Arnica montana): roots, stems, leaves and flowers.

Basil (Ocimum basilicum): flowers and leaves.

Bearberry (Uva ursi): leaves.

Belladonna (Atropa belladonna): herbs, roots, berries, leaves and flowers.

Boldo (Penmus boldus): leaves.

Borage (Borago officinalis): stems and flowers.

Bryony (Bryonia dioica): roots.

Buchu (Barosma betulina, Barosma serratifolia và Barosma crenulata): leaves.

Buckbean (Menyanthes trifoliata): leaves.

Burdock (Arctium lappa): Seeds and dried roots.

Calabar (Physostigma venenosum): beans.

Calamus (Acorus calamus): roots.

Calumba (Jateorhiza palmata)roots.

Cannabis (Cannabis sativa): herbs.

Cascara sagrada (Rhamnus purshiana): bark.

Cascarilla (Croton eluteria): bark.

Cassia (Cassia fistula) : pods and unpurified pulp. (Purified cassia pulp (aqueous extract) is classified in heading 13.02.)

Centauria (Erythraea centaurium): herbs.

Cevadilla (Sabadilla) (Schoenocaulon officinale): seeds.

Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla, Anthemis nobilis): flowers.

Chenopodium : seeds.

Cherry : stalks.

Cherry laurel (Prunus laurocerasus): berries.

Cinchona : bark.

Clove (Caryophyllus aromaticus): bark and leaves.

Coca (Erythroxylon coca and Erythroxylon truxillense): leaves.

Cocculus indicus (Indian berry)(Anamirta paniculata): fruit.

Cocillana (Guarea rusbyi): bark.

Colchicum (Colchicum antumnale): corms and seeds.

Colocynth (Citrullus colocynthis): fruit.

Comfrey (Symphytum officinale): roots.

Condurango (Marsdenia condurango): bark.

Couchgrass (Triticum) (Agropyrum repens): roots.

Cubé (barbasco or timbo)(Lonchocarpus nicou): bark and roots.

Cubeb (Cubeba officinalis miquel or Piper cebeba): powder.

Damiana (Turnera diffusa): leaves.

Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale): roots.

Datura metel: leaves and seeds.

Derris (or tuba) (Derris elliptica andDerris trifoliata): roots.

Digitalis (Digitalis purpurea): leaves and seeds.

Elder (Sambucus nigra): flowers and bark.

Ephedra (Mahuang): stems and branches.

Ergot of rye.

Eucalyptus (Encalyptus globulus): leaves.

Frangula : bark.

Fumitory (Fumaria officinalis): leaves and flowers.

Galangal (Alpinia officinarum): rhizomes.

Cientian (Gentiana lutea): roots.

Ginseng (Panax quinguefolium andPanax ginseng): roots.

Golden seal (Hydrastis) (Hydrastis canadensis): roots.

Guaiaeum (Guaiacum officinale and Guaiacum sanctum): wood.

Hamamelis (witch hazel) (Hamamelis virginiana): bark and leaves.

Hellebore (Veratrum album and Veratrum viride): roots.

Henbane (Hyoscyanius) (Hyoscyamus niger): roots, seeds and leaves.

Horehound (Marrubium vulgare): herbs and stems.

Hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis): flowers and leaves.

Ipecacuanha (Cephaelis ipecacuanha): roots.

Ipomoea (Ipomoea orizabensis): roots.

Jaborandi (Pilocarpus jaborandi and Pilocarpus microphyllus): leaves.

Jalap (Ipomoea purga): roots.

Lavender (Lavandula vera): flowers and herbs.

Leptandra (Veronica virginica): roots.

Linaloe (Bursera delpechiana): wood.

Linden (Tilia europaea): flowers and leaves.

Liquorice (Glycynhiza glabra): roots.

Lobelia (Lobelia inflata): herbs and flowers.

Long pepper (Piper longum): roots and underground stems.

Male fern (Dryopteris filix-mas): root.

Mallow (Malva silvestris and Malva rotundifolia): leaves and flowers.

Mandrake : roots or rhizomes.

Marjoram (see “Wild marjoram” below).

Marshmallow (Althaea officinalis): flowers, leaves and roots.

Melissa (Melissa officinalis): leaves, flowers and tops.

Mint (all species).

Mousse de chêne (oak moss)(Evernia furfuracea) (a lichen).

Mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris): roots.

Nux vomica (Strychnos nux-vomica): seeds.

Orange free Citrus aurantium): leaves and flowers.

Orris (Iris germanica, Iris pallida and Iris florentina): roots.

Pansy : flowers.

Patchouli (Pogostemon patchouli): leaves.

Peppermint (sec mint).

Pine : buds.

Plantago psyllium : herbs and seeds.

Podophyllum (Podophyllum peltatum): roots or rhizomes.

Poppy (Papaver somniferum): heads (unripe, dried).

Pulsatilla (Anemone pulsatilla): herbs.

Pyrethrum (Chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium): leaves, stems and flowers.

Pyrethrum (Anacyclus pyrethrum): roots.

Quassia (Quassia amara and Picraena excelsa): wood and bark.

Quince : seeds.

Rhatany (Krameria triadra): roots.

Rhubarb (Rheum officinale): roots.

Rose : flowers.

Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis): herbs, flowers and leaves.

Rue (Ruta graveolens): leaves.

Sage (Salvia officinalis): leaves and flowers.

St. Ignatius beans (Strychnos ignatii).

Sandalwood : chips (white and yellow).

Sarsaparilla (Smilax): roots.

Sassafras (Sassafras officinalis): bark, roots and wood.

Scammony (Convolvulus scammonia): roots.

Senega (Polygala senega): roots.

Senna (Cassia acutifolia and Cassia angustifolia): pods and leaves.

Slippery elm (Ulmus fulra): bark.

Solanum nigrum.

Squill (Urginea maritima, Urginea scilla)): bulbs.

Stramonium (Datura stramonium): leaves and tops.

Strophanthus (Strophanthus kombe): seeds.

Tansy (Tanacetum vulgare): roots, leaves and seeds.

Tonka (tonquin) (Dipterix odorata): beans.

Valerian (Valeriana officinalis): roots.

Verbascum (mullein) (Verbuscum thapsus and verbascum phlomoides): leaves and flowers.

Verbena : leaves and tops.

Veronica (Veronica officinalis): leaves.

Viburnum (Viburnum prunifolium): root bark.

Violets (Viola odorata): roots and dried flowers.

Walnut: leaves.

Wild marjoram (Origanum vulgare); sweet marjoram (Majorana hortensis or Origanum majorana) is excluded(Chapter 7).

Woodruff (Asperula odorata): herbs.

Wormseed (Artemisia cina): flowers.

Wormwood (Artemisia abssinthium): leaves and flowers.

Yobimba (Corynanthe johimbe): bark.

The botanical names in the list above (which is not exhaustive) are given to assist in the identification of the plants. Mention of the botanical name of a particular species does not necessarily indicate that other species of the same plant family are not classified in the heading.

Certain products of this heading, which are regarded as narcotic drugs under international instruments, are indicated in the list which appears at the end of Chapter 29.

12.12 – Locust beans, seaweeds and other algae, sugar beet and sugar cane, fresh, chilled, frozen or dried, whether or not ground; fruit stones and kernels and other vegetable products (including unroasted chicory roots of the variety Cichorium intybus sativum) of a kind used primarily for human consumption, not elsewhere specified or included.

– Seaweeds and other algae :

1212.21 – – Fit for human consumption

1212.29 – – Other

– Other:

1212.91 – – Sugar beet

1212.92 – – Locust beans (carob)

1212.93 – – Sugar cane

1212.94 – – Chicory roots

1212.99 – – Other

(A) Seaweeds and other algae.

This heading covers all seaweeds and other algae, whether or not edible. They may be fresh, chilled, frozen, dried or ground. Seaweeds and other algae are used for various purposes (e.g., pharmaceutical products, cosmetics, human consumption, animal feeding, fertilisers).

The heading also covers seaweed meal and meal of other algae, whether or not consisting of a mixture of many different varieties of seaweeds and other algae.

The heading excludes :

(a) Agar-agar and carrageenan (heading 13.02).

(b) Dead single-cell algae (heading 21.02).

(d) Fertilisers of heading 31.01 or 31.05.

(B) Sugar beet and sugar cane.

This heading also covers sugar beet and sugar cane, in the forms specified in the heading. The heading excludesbagasse, the fibrous portion of the sugar cane remaining after the juice has been extracted (heading 23.03).

Locust (or carob) beans are the fruit of a small evergreen tree (Ceratonia siliqua) indigenous to the Mediterranean region. They consist of a brown pod which contains a large number of seeds and are used mainly as a material for distilling or as animal feeding stuff.

Locust beans contain a high proportion of sugar and are sometimes eaten as a sweetmeat.

This heading covers the endosperm, the germs, the whole seeds, and also powdered germs, whether or not mixed with powdered tegument.

The heading excludes locust bean endosperm flour which is classified in heading 13.02 as a mucilage or thickener.

(D) Fruit stones and kernels and other vegetable products (including unroasted chicory roots of the variety Cichorium intybus sativum) of a kind used primarily for human consumption, not elsewhere specified or included.

This group includes fruit stones and kernels and other vegetable products of a kind mainly used, directly or indirectly, for human consumption, but not elsewhere specified or included in the Nomenclature.

It therefore includes kernels of peaches (including nectarines), apricots and plums (used mainly as substitutes for almonds). These products remain in the heading even though they may also be used for the extraction of oil.

The heading also includes unroasted chicory roots of the variety Cichorium intybus satirum, whether fresh or dried, whole or chopped. The roasted chicory root of this variety, which is used as a coffee substitute, is excluded (heading 21.01). Other unroasted chicory roots are classified in heading 06.01.

Angelica stems, used mainly to prepare candied angelica or angelica preserved by sugar, also fall in this heading. They are generally provisionally preserved in brine.

The heading also covers sweet sorghums, such as saccharatum, which are used primarily for the manufacture of syrup or molasses.

The heading excludes fruit stones and pips of a kind used for carving (e.g., date stones) (heading 14.04) and roasted fruit kernels (generally classified as coffee substitutes – heading 21.01).

12.13 – Cereal straw and husks, unprepared, whether or not chopped, ground, pressed or in the form of pellets.

This heading is restricted to cereal straw and husks in an unprepared state as obtained from the threshing of cereals, or chopped, ground or pressed, or put up in the form of pellets (i.e. agglomerated either directly by compression or by the addition of a binder in a proportion not exceeding 3 % by weight), but not further prepared. It excludes cleaned, bleached or dyed straw (heading 14.01).

12.14 – Swedes, mangolds, fodder roots, hay, lucerne (alfalfa), clover, sainfoin, forage kale, lupines, vetches and similar forage products, whether or not in the form of pellets.

1214.10 – Lucerne (alfalfa) meal and pellets

1214.90 – Other

This heading covers:

(1) Swedes (rutabagas) (Brassica napobrassica), mangolds, forage turnips, forage carrots (white or pale yellow in colour) and other forage roots. These roots remain classified in this heading even though some of them may be suitable for human consumption.

(2) Hay, lucerne (alfalfa), clover, sainfoin, forage kale, lupines, vetches and similar forage products, fresh or dried, whole, cut, chopped or pressed. These products remain in the heading whether or not they have been salted or otherwise treated in a silo to prevent fermentation or deterioration.

The expression “similar forage products” refers only to plants specially grown for animal food. It does not include vegetable waste which may be used for the same purpose (heading 23.08).

The forage products of this heading may also be in the form of pellets, i.e. agglomerated either directly by compression or by the addition of a binder in a proportion not exceeding 3 % by weight.

The heading also excludes :

(a) Carrots (reddish-yellow in colour) of heading 07.06.

(b) Cereal straw and husks (heading 12.13).

(c) Vegetable products which, though used for animal food, are not specially grown for that purpose, e.g., beet or carrot tops and maize (corn) leaves (heading 23.08).

(d) Preparations of a kind used in animal feeding (e.g., sweetened forage) (heading 23.09).

Chapter 12 Oil seeds and oleaginous fruits; miscellaneous grains, seeds and fruit; industrial or medicinal plants; straw and fodder - Section II VEGETABLE PRODUCTS

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